Copper has been used in electrical wiring since the invention of the electromagnet and the telegraph in the 1820s. The invention of the telephone in 1876 created further demand for copper wire as an electrical conductor.
Copper is the electrical conductor in many categories of electrical wiring. Copper wire is used in power generation, power transmission, power distribution, telecommunications, electronics circuitry, and countless types of electrical equipment. Copper and its alloys are also used to make electrical contacts. Electrical wiring in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. Roughly half of all copper mined is used to manufacture electrical wire and cable conductors.
Solid wire consists of a single copper wire, either bare or surrounded by an insulator. Single-stranded copper conductors are commonly used as enameled wires in motors and transformers. They are relatively rigid, do not bend easily and are typically installed in rigid, infrequent handling and low bending applications.
Properties of copper
1.1 Electrical conductivity
1.2 Tensile strength
1.3 Ductility
1.4 Strength and ductility combination
1.5 Creep resistance
1.6 Corrosion resistance
1.7 Coefficient of thermal expansion
1.8 Thermal conductivity
1.9 Solderability
Copper Conductor – Magner wire
Solid wire consists of one strand of copper metal wire, bare or surrounded by an insulator. Single-strand copper conductors are typically used as magnet wire in motors and transformers. They are relatively rigid, do not bend easily, and are typically installed in permanent, infrequently handled, and low flex applications.
Magnet wire or winding wire is used in windings of electric motors, transformers, inductors, generators, headphones, loudspeaker coils, hard drive head positioners, electromagnets, and other devices.
Most often, magnetic wire is composed of fully annealed, electrolytically refined copper to allow closer winding when making electromagnetic coils. The wire is coated with a range of polymeric insulations, including varnish, rather than the thicker plastic or other types of insulation commonly used on electrical wire. High-purity oxygen-free copper grades are used for high-temperature applications in reducing atmospheres or in motors or generators cooled by hydrogen gas.
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